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Imams of the Saudi states

Imam Faisal bin Turki Al Saud

Imam Faisal bin Turki Al Saud was the second Imam of the Second Saudi State. He ruled in two periods: the first from 1250 AH/1834 CE to 1254 AH/1838 CE, and the second from 1259 AH to 1282 AH (1843–1865 CE).

1788–1865
Closely packed Najdi mud-brick buildings with crenellated walls and triangular openings in the At-Turaif district of Diriyah — a contextual image not showing the Imam
Image credits
Image attribution: Radosław Botev — Own work (photographer's own archive), CC BY 3.0 (Poland port), via Wikimedia Commons. Contextual image; it does not depict Imam Faisal bin Turki but a Diriyah architectural scene. Modified: cropped to a horizontal band and resized to 1920×672 to fit the article cover. / «Radosław Botev» — عمل شخصي (الأرشيف الخاص للمصوّر)، رخصة CC BY 3.0 (النسخة البولندية)، عبر ويكيميديا كومنز. صورة سياقية لا تُظهر الإمام فيصل بن تركي، وإنما مشهد معماري من الدرعية. عُدِّلت بقصّ شريط أفقي وتغيير المقاس إلى 1920×672 لتناسب غلاف المقالة. · License: CC BY 3.0
Closely packed Najdi mud-brick buildings with crenellated walls and triangular openings in the At-Turaif district of Diriyah — a contextual image not showing the Imam

Overview

Imam Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud was the second Imam of the Second Saudi State. He assumed rule in two periods: the first from 1250 AH/1834 CE to 1254 AH/1838 CE, and the second from 1259 AH to 1282 AH (1843–1865 CE). [4][5]

He was the son of Imam Turki bin Abdullah, the founder of the Second Saudi State. [3]

Participation in the Defense of Diriyah

Imam Faisal bin Turki took part in the defense of Diriyah at Shu'ayb Ghubayra from the beginning of its siege on Tuesday 3/5/1233 AH, corresponding to 8/4/1818 CE, under the leadership of his father Imam Turki bin Abdullah, at the end of the First Saudi State. [3]

First Period of His Rule

His first period of rule began in 1250 AH/1834 CE. [4]

This period ended in 1254 AH/1838 CE, when a settlement was reached with Khurshid Pasha, commander of Muhammad Ali Pasha's forces in Najd, and Imam Faisal prepared to depart for Madinah and then Egypt. [3]

Captivity in Egypt

Imam Faisal went out to Madinah, then was detained and sent to Egypt, where he was imprisoned. [1] He remained imprisoned in Egypt, and Najd during that period was in the hands of Abdullah bin Thunayan (1257–1259 AH/1841–1843 CE). [3]

Second Period of His Rule

Imam Faisal bin Turki returned from his prison in Egypt on the first of Muharram 1259 AH/31 January 1843 CE to Riyadh, resuming his rule. [3]

His second period extended from 1259 AH to 1282 AH (1843–1865 CE). [4]

Imam Faisal bin Turki died in 1282 AH/1865 CE [4], and he was succeeded by his son Imam Abdullah bin Faisal, then Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal. [5]

His Interest in Learning and the Reformist Call

During the reign of Imam Faisal bin Turki, the Second Saudi State followed the approach of the First Saudi State in spreading the reformist call, valuing learning, and respecting scholars of the various schools of jurisprudence. [4] His interest extended to the scholars of Al-Ahsa between 1259 AH and 1282 AH. [4] Local and Ottoman documents confirm his return from Egypt. [3]

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Who is Imam Faisal bin Turki Al Saud? A: He was the second Imam of the Second Saudi State, the son of its founder Imam Turki bin Abdullah, and he ruled in two periods. [4][5]

Q: When did his rule begin? A: His first period of rule began in 1250 AH/1834 CE. [4]

Q: Why was his first period interrupted? A: It ended in 1254 AH/1838 CE with the settlement with Khurshid Pasha and his transfer to Madinah and then Egypt. [3]

Q: When did he return to rule? A: He left his prison in Egypt on the first of Muharram 1259 AH/31 January 1843 CE. [3]

Q: When did he die? A: He died in 1282 AH/1865 CE, and he was succeeded by his son Abdullah bin Faisal. [4][5]

Related topics

Sources & references

  1. Saudipedia — "Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud"
  2. Saudipedia — "The Second Saudi State"
  3. Darah Journal (King Abdulaziz Foundation) — "The Return of Imam Faisal bin Turki from Egypt (the first and the second) through local and Ottoman sources and documents," Dr. Nasser bin Mohammed Al-Jehimi, Vol. 33, No. 4, Shawwal 1428 AH/2007 CE
  4. Darah Journal (King Abdulaziz Foundation) — "A Historical Reading of Faisal bin Turki Al Saud's Interest in the Scholars of Al-Ahsa, 1259–1282 AH/1843–1865 CE," Ali bin Hussein Al-Bassam, Vol. 38, No. 3, Rajab 1433 AH
  5. Saudi Press Agency (SPA) — "Founding Day / The Rulers of the Saudi State from Its Founding to the Prosperous Era of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques"