Urban historyImage credits
Image attribution: Diriyahpic — Petrovic-Njegos at English Wikipedia, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.5. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diriyahpic.jpg ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ . Renamed locally. CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. Card/hero display may crop to fit; original composition is not retouched. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير؛ قد يقتطع العرض داخل البطاقات أو رأس المقال أطراف الصورة، دون تنقيح محتواها. ·
License: CC BY 2.5 Generic — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Urban history
Diriyah developed beside Wadi Hanifah and became the First Saudi State's capital. At-Turaif preserves evidence of its political history and Najdi architecture.
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Archaeological sitesImage credits
Image attribution: Madain Saleh 1 — KHAWAJA UMER FAROOQ (Kufarooq), CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Madain_Saleh_1.jpg ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ . Proportionally resized by Wikimedia. CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. Card/hero display may crop to fit; original composition is not retouched. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير؛ قد يقتطع العرض داخل البطاقات أو رأس المقال أطراف الصورة، دون تنقيح محتواها. ·
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 International — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Archaeological sites
Hegra, also called Mada'in Salih, is an archaeological site in AlUla Governorate whose tombs, wells and inscriptions illuminate Nabataean life and caravan routes.
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Urban historyImage credits
Image attribution: AlBalad CoralHouses — User:Jpatokal / (WT-shared) Jpatokal at Wikivoyage WTS, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AlBalad_CoralHouses.JPG ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ . CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. Card/hero display may crop to fit; original composition is not retouched. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير؛ قد يقتطع العرض داخل البطاقات أو رأس المقال أطراف الصورة، دون تنقيح محتواها. ·
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 International — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Urban history
Historic Jeddah, or Al-Balad, is an urban core on the Red Sea shaped by maritime trade and pilgrimage, with houses distinguished by projecting wooden windows.
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Image attribution: Diriyahpic — Petrovic-Njegos at English Wikipedia, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.5. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diriyahpic.jpg ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ . Renamed locally. CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. Card/hero display may crop to fit; original composition is not retouched. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير؛ قد يقتطع العرض داخل البطاقات أو رأس المقال أطراف الصورة، دون تنقيح محتواها. ·
License: CC BY 2.5 Generic — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Saudi states
A state centred on Diriyah under Imam Muhammad bin Saud, officially dated in Saudi chronology to 1727. It expanded across Najd and other regions before its capital fell in 1818.
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Saudi statesImage credits
Image attribution: Deera Square and Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque (1) — Radosław Botev (https://www.forumviatoris.org.pl/); copyright holder/licensor Fundacja Nomos, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0 Poland. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Deera_Square_and_Imam_Turki_bin_Abdullah_Mosque_(1).jpg ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/deed.en . Photograph dated 27 July 2024; modern rebuilt mosque opened in 1993, contextual to the Second Saudi State. / صورة سياقية ملتقطة عام 2024 للجامع ببنائه الحديث المفتتح عام 1993، لا لمبنى عصر الدولة الثانية. CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. Card/hero display may crop to fit; original composition is not retouched. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير؛ قد يقتطع العرض داخل البطاقات أو رأس المقال أطراف الصورة، دون تنقيح محتواها. ·
License: CC BY 3.0 Poland — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/deed.en Saudi states
Imam Turki bin Abdullah restored Saudi rule in 1824 with Riyadh as capital. The state extended across Najd and eastern Arabia before ending in 1891 with Al Rashid's ascendancy.
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Saudi statesImage credits
Image attribution: Masmak Castle from Thumairi — Dainomite, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Masmak_Castle_from_Thumairi.jpg ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ . Photograph dated 24 December 2010; contextual view, not a photograph of the 1902 recovery of Riyadh. / صورة سياقية للمصمك عام 2010، لا توثق أحداث استرداد الرياض عام 1902. CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. Card/hero display may crop to fit; original composition is not retouched. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير؛ قد يقتطع العرض داخل البطاقات أو رأس المقال أطراف الصورة، دون تنقيح محتواها. ·
License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Saudi states
The Third Saudi State began with Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman Al Saud's recovery of Riyadh in 1902. Regional unification led to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia proclaimed in 1932 and continuing thereafter.
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Historic routesImage credits
Image attribution: Walls of the early Islamic town of Fayd, Saudi Arabia (2) — Prof. Mortel, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AWalls_of_the_early_Islamic_town_of_Fayd%2C_Saudi_Arabia_(2).jpg ; license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 . CMS derivative: converted to WebP at quality 85; proportionally resized within 2400 × 2400 without enlargement where needed. / نسخة CMS: تحويل إلى WebP بجودة 85 وتصغير تناسبي عند الحاجة ضمن 2400 × 2400 دون تكبير. ·
License: CC BY 2.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 Historic routes
The Kufa pilgrimage road linking Iraq to Makkah through five Saudi regions, used since before Islam and named after the spring dug by Zubaydah bint Ja'far.
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Historical eventsImage credits
Image attribution: متاح · License: عام
1902–1932
King Abdulaziz's path from the recovery of Riyadh in 1902 to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on 23 September 1932, now National Day.
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Historical eventsImage credits
Image attribution: Jpatokal — Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Contextual image of al-Balad in historic Jeddah; it does not document the signing of the treaty. Modified: cropped to a horizontal band and resized to 1920×672 to fit the article cover. / «Jpatokal» — عمل شخصي، رخصة CC BY-SA 4.0، عبر ويكيميديا كومنز. صورة سياقية لحي البلد في جدة التاريخية لا توثق توقيع المعاهدة. عُدِّلت بقصّ شريط أفقي وتغيير المقاس إلى 1920×672 لتناسب غلاف المقالة. · License: CC BY-SA 4.0
1915–1932
The Treaty of Jeddah is an agreement signed in 1927 between King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman Al Saud and Britain. In it Britain recognized Abdulaziz as King of the Hijaz and Najd, affirmed his right to conclude treaties with other states, and brought the Treaty of Darin to an end.
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