How the performance works
Saudi ardah depends on a collective response to words and rhythm. Men repeat poetry in facing rows, coordinating their movements with drumbeats, while swords and a flag form part of the scene.
Changing settings and purposes
Ardah was historically associated with preparations for combat and demonstrations of solidarity. Its settings later expanded to celebrations, weddings, holidays and national occasions. Saudi ardah is also called Najdi ardah and differs from other regional performing traditions that share the name ardah.
Learning and safeguarding
Najdi ardah was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2015. In Saudi Arabia, the National Centre for Saudi Ardah, affiliated with the King Abdulaziz Foundation, works on documentation, training and the organisation of groups. Learning the practice includes poetry, rhythm, dress and performers' roles.
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